The roots of the city of Siena date back to Etruscan times, but the city achieved considerable importance during the Roman period. It was an important commercial center, and its strategic location along the communication routes contributed to its development. During the Middle Ages, Siena became an economic and political power through trade and banking. In the 12th century, the city experienced a period of great growth and expansion, developing a strong communal identity by becoming one of the major artistic and cultural centers of Europe.
During the 14th century, Siena experienced an extraordinary architectural expansion. The construction of the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta, with its Gothic facade, is an example of this period. Piazza del Campo, the heart of the city, became the site of the famous Palio di Siena, a horse race that still attracts visitors from all over the world.
Today, the city is famous for its well-preserved historic center, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and continues to attract visitors with its timeless beauty and rich historical and cultural heritage.
